The province has an area of 14,300 km2 and a population of 352,273 (2002) of whom nearly half live in the capital. The only large towns apart from Burgos are Miranda de Ebro and Aranda de Duero. Many of the province's 371 municipalities have fewer than 100 inhabitants. .
The most important rivers in the province are Ebro and Duero. The river Duero is on the south of the province and around it there is one of the best zones of vine 'Ribera de Duero'. The south-east and north are mountainous.